The United States, Mexico and Canada updated NAFTA to create the new USMCA. The USMCA is mutually beneficial to workers, farmers, farmers and businesses in North America. The new agreement, which came into effect on July 1, 2020, will create a more balanced trading environment, support high-paying jobs for Americans and allow the North American economy to grow. On March 1, 2019, many organizations representing the agricultural sector in the United States announced their support for the USMCA and asked Congress to ratify the agreement. They also called on the Trump administration to continue to support NAFTA until the new trade agreement is ratified. [70] On March 4, House Ways and Means President Richard Neal predicted a « very hard » path through Congress for the agreement. [71] Starting March 7, senior White House officials met with members of the Ways and Means House of Representatives, as well as moderate cackles from both parties, such as the Solver Caucus, the Tuesday Group and the Blue Dog Coalition, to seek ratification support. The Trump administration also withdrew from the threat to withdraw from NAFTA as negotiations with Congress continued. [72] USMCA Schedule 23-A calls on Mexico to pass legislation that improves the ability of unions to negotiate. [44] The specific standards that Mexico must meet are set out in Convention 98 of the International Labour Organization on freedom of association and collective bargaining.
The government of Mexican President Andrés Manuel Lépez Obrador passed a law in late 2018 that respects these international standards. The agreement is designated differently by each signatory – in the United States, it is called the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA); [1] [23] in Canada, it is officially known as the Canada-U.S.-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA) in English[24] and the Canada-U.S.-Mexico Agreement (ACEUM) in French; [25] and in Mexico, tratado is called tratado between México, Estados Unidos y Canadé (T-MEC). [26] [27] The agreement is sometimes referred to as « New NAFTA »[28][29] with respect to the previous trilateral agreement for the successor, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). On May 30, U.S. Trade Representative Robert E. Lighthizer presented Congress with a draft declaration on the administrative steps needed to implement the U.S.-Mexico Agreement (USMCA and the new NAFTA), in accordance with the 2015 Presidential Trade Promotion (TPA) Administrative Action Statement. The project will allow congress to be presented to Congress, after 30 days, on June 29, a law to implement the USMCA. In a letter [73] to Nancy Pelosi, House of Representatives spokeswoman Kevin McCarthy, the minority leader of the House of Representatives, the Republican, told Lighthizer that the USMCA was the gold standard in U.S. trade policy, modernizing the competitive trade in digital, intellectual property and services in the United States and creating a level playing field for U.S. businesses. , workers and farmers, an agreement that represents a fundamental shift in trade relations between Mexico and Mexico. An April 2019 Analysis by the International Trade Commission on the likely effects of the USMCA estimated that the agreement would increase U.S.
real GDP by 0.35 percent if the agreement were fully implemented (six years after ratification) and would increase total U.S. employment by 0.12% (176,000 jobs). [114] [115] The analysis cited by another Congressional Research Service study showed that the agreement would not have a measurable effect on employment, wages or overall economic growth. [114] In the summer of 2019, Larry Kudlow, Trump`s chief economic adviser (the director of the National Economic Council at Trump White House), made unfounded statements about the likely economic impact of the agreement and overstated forecasts related to jobs and GDP growth. [114] This agreement is the result of a renegotiation between member states of the North American Free Trade Agreement between 2017 and 2018, which informally approved the terms of the new agreement on 30 September 2018 and officially on 1 October. [10] The USMCA was proposed by U.S. President Dona